药用植物满足了人类对天然化学品日益增长的需求，如药品、营养药品、农用化学品和化学添加剂。这些植物含有生物活性次级代谢产物，具有抗疟、驱虫、抗炎、镇痛、抗菌、抗关节炎、抗氧化、抗糖尿病、抗高血压、抗癌、抗真菌、解痉、心脏保护、抗甲状腺和抗组胺特性。次生代谢物在植物适应不断变化的环境和胁迫条件中起着重要作用，因为它们同时受到生物和非生物胁迫的影响。自古以来，人类就依赖药用植物来满足各种需求，它们的数量似乎仍然足以满足我们的需求。然而，在可预见的未来，我们将被迫考虑下一代能否获得资源。基于这些原因，我们必须寻找其他可持续的资源选择，以保护这些极其重要的药用植物免受挑战性环境引起的各种压力。发展生态友好的方法和机制，以改善这些植物对不利环境的反应，对于创建重要工具，更好地了解植物对各种非生物胁迫的适应，以及在全球气候变化加剧的情况下维持药物供应至关重要。
Environmental Challenges and Medicinal Plants: Sustainable Production Solutions under Adverse Conditions
Medicinal plants supply the ever-growing needs of humankind for natural chemicals, such as pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, agrochemicals, and chemical additives. These plants contain bioactive secondary metabolites, which possess antimalarial, anthelminthic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antiarthritic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anticancer, antifungal, antispasmodic, cardioprotective, antithyroid, and antihistaminic properties. Secondary metabolites play a major role in the adaptation of plants to the changing environment and stress condition as they are affected by both biotic and abiotic stress. Humans rely on medicinal plants for various needs since ancient time, and their population still seems enough for fulfilling our demands. However, in the foreseeable future, we will be forced to think about the accessibility of resources for future generations. For these reasons, we must look for alternative sustainable options of resources which can protect these immensely important medicinal plants from various stresses induced by challenging environment. Evolving eco-friendly methodologies and mechanisms to improve these plants’ responses to unfavorable environmental circumstances is important in creating significant tools for better understanding of plant adaptations to various abiotic stresses and sustaining the supply of pharmaceuticals as global climate change intensifies.
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