在过去几年中，小型模块化反应堆（SMR）项目取得了重大进展，目前有两座反应堆正在建设中：阿根廷的CAREM-25（原型）和俄罗斯联邦的KLT-40。人们希望降低核电站的总资本成本，并为小电网系统提供电力，从而使更多的设计进入高级开发阶段，从而推动了人们对SMR的兴趣。为了量化SMR在中短期内可能代表的市场规模，核能局（NEA）启动了一个项目，以收集和分析SMR的经济和市场数据，包括工厂生产成本估算。本研究的数据——通过问卷调查和对SMR供应商和潜在客户的采访收集——用于评估SMR在世界各地的商业部署潜力。本研究仅考虑了中短期预测（2020-2035年）和成熟技术（即基于轻水反应堆技术的SMR），并对影响全球SMR市场的因素进行了研究。本报告由国家能源局工作人员起草，并由国家能源局核能经济工作组（WPNE）和国家能源局核能开发和燃料循环技术经济研究委员会（NDC）监督。
Small Modular Reactors : Nuclear Energy Market Potential for Near-term Deployment
Over the past few years, small modular reactor (SMR) projects have been making substantial progress, with two reactors currently under construction: the CAREM-25 (a prototype) in Argentina and the KLT-40S in the Russian Federation. Interest in SMRs is being driven by a desire to reduce the total capital costs of nuclear power plants and to provide power to small grid systems, leading to more designs reaching advanced stages of development. To attempt to quantify the size of the market that SMRs could represent in the short to medium term, a project was launched at the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) to collect and analyse economic and market data on SMRs, including factory production cost estimates. The data for this study – gathered through questionnaires and interviews with SMR vendors and potential customers – were used to assess the potential for SMR commercial deployment around the world. Only short- to medium-term projections (2020-2035) and mature technologies (i.e. SMRs based on light water reactor technologies) were considered in the study, and factors influencing the SMR market throughout the world were examined. This report was drafted by NEA staff and overseen by the NEA Working Party on Nuclear Energy Economics (WPNE) and the NEA Committee for Technical and Economic Studies on Nuclear Energy Development and the Fuel Cycle (NDC).
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