*包括图片
*包括摇滚明星对他们的生活和职业生涯的引用
*包括每个项目的简介和参考书目
*包括目录。
1964年,美国各地的女孩挤满了比赛场地,几乎完全尖叫得头晕目眩。几乎从他们演奏第一个音符的那一刻起,甲壳虫乐队就会被响亮的尖叫声击中,这让他们甚至无法听到自己的歌唱。1964年初,当他们在埃德·沙利文(Ed Sullivan)的节目中首次在美国亮相时,他们受到了年轻粉丝的欢迎,他们把自己搅得如此疯狂,以至于有些人晕倒了。披头士狂热袭击了北美,创造了一种世界上从未见过的音乐和流行文化现象。这一切的中心是约翰·列侬和保罗·麦卡特尼,他们是两位主要的作曲组合,在创作20世纪60年代的配乐时发挥了重要作用,同时创作了一些世界上最永恒的经典作品。列侬和麦卡特尼与乔治·哈里森和林戈·斯塔尔一起,将披头士推向了前所未有的高度,在大西洋两岸引发了披头士狂热,并对他们的声音进行了实验,从而彻底改变了摇滚乐,激发了各种音乐流派的乐队。
在短短几年的时间里,出生于罗伯特·艾伦·齐默尔曼(RobertAllenZimmerman)的鲍勃·迪伦(BobDylan)从一个默默无闻的明尼苏达小镇上升为20世纪60年代民间音乐界的王族,享有与猫王(ElvisPresley)和披头士(Beatles)同等的普遍尊重和地位。在20世纪60年代,“随风飘扬”和“时代在变化”成为了反战和民权运动的颂歌,但在50年代到60年代末和70年代的过渡完成很久之后,这位最初令人困惑的年轻民谣歌手不知从哪里冒出来,因“他对流行音乐和美国文化的深远影响,以具有非凡诗意力量的抒情作品为标志”而获得普利策特别奖在他的职业生涯中,他曾获得格莱美奖、金球奖、奥斯卡奖,并入选摇滚名人堂、明尼苏达音乐名人堂、纳什维尔词曲作者名人堂和词曲作者名人堂,更不用说普利策奖和总统自由勋章了。
在音乐界,很少有人能就谁最擅长任何事情达成共识。许多人会称披头士乐队为最伟大的摇滚乐队,但很容易找到固执己见的反对者。然而,当谈到弹吉他和为迷幻时代配乐时,几乎所有人都同意有吉米·亨德里克斯(1942-1970),然后还有其他人。任何与他争论的人要么从未听过他的音乐,要么从未看过他的表演。事实上,吉米·亨德里克斯是为数不多的音乐家之一,他主要以他的声音和他能用吉他做什么而闻名,而不是因为他的唱片。
乔普林被许多人戏称为摇滚乐的“第一夫人”或“女王”,她发明并将“摇滚妈妈模式”融入了美国摇滚意识,这是一个父权制和兄弟般的行业,与它所抗议的社会特征一样,限制女性进入狭窄而保守的标准。只有极少数志同道合的人,比如杰斐逊飞机公司的格雷斯·斯里克,“她开创了白人女性表达的新领域。”
在20世纪60年代中期,一个与前十年的音乐和社会规范发生变化的时代,极具魅力的诗人/音乐家吉姆·莫里森(Jim Morrison)的出现,帮助将摇滚乐作为一种文体风格的亚流派转变为成熟的摇滚乐机构。莫里森在抗议时代通过避免加入任何已知的现代摇滚乐类别实现了这一转变,但与此同时,他成为了他这一代人和下一代人反威权主义的普遍象征。
The Most Influential Rock Stars of the 1960s: The Lives of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, Bob Dylan, Jimi Hendrix
*Includes pictures
*Includes the rock stars’ quotes about their lives and careers
*Includes an introduction and bibliography for each one
*Includes a table of contents.
In 1964, girls all across the United States filled venues, almost literally screamed their heads off, and fainted en masse. Almost from the second they played the first note, The Beatles would be hit with the resounding screams, which made it impossible for them to even hear themselves sing. When they made their American debut on The Ed Sullivan Show in early 1964, they were greeted by young fans who whipped themselves up into such a frenzy that some of them fainted. Beatlemania had struck North America, creating a musical and pop culture phenomenon unlike anything the world had ever seen. At the center of it all was John Lennon and Paul McCartney, the principal songwriting duo who were instrumental in creating the soundtrack of the 1960s, while producing some of the world’s most timeless classics. Together with George Harrison and Ringo Starr, Lennon and McCartney propelled The Beatles to unprecedented heights, sparking Beatlemania on two sides of the Atlantic and experimenting with their sound in ways that revolutionized rock and inspired bands across various musical genres.
In the space of just a few years, Bob Dylan, born Robert Allen Zimmerman, rose from the obscurity of a small Minnesota town to a position of royalty atop the folk music landscape of the 1960s, with a universal esteem and status on a par with Elvis Presley and The Beatles. In the 1960s, “Blowin’ in the Wind” and “The Times They Are A’ Changing” “became anthems of the anti-war and civil rights movements,” but long after the transition from the ‘50s to the late ‘60s and ‘70s was accomplished, the initially baffling young folk singer who appeared out of nowhere was awarded a special Pulitzer Prize for “his profound impact on popular music, and American culture, marked by lyrical compositions of extraordinary poetic power.” Over the span of his career, he has received Grammy Awards, Golden Globes, Academy Award Oscars, and he has been inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, the Minnesota Music Hall of Fame, the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame, and the Songwriters Hall of Fame, not to mention the Pulitzer Prize and Presidential Medal of Freedom.
It is rare in the world of music for a general consensus to form over who was the best at anything. Many would call The Beatles the greatest rock band, but it’s easy to find strongly opinionated dissenters. However, when it came to playing a guitar and laying the soundtrack for the psychedelic era, just about everyone agrees there was Jimi Hendrix (1942-1970) and then there was everyone else. Anyone arguing otherwise either never heard his music or saw him perform. In fact, Jimi Hendrix is one of the few musicians known primarily for his sound and what he could do with a guitar than for his discography.
Dubbed by many as the “First Lady” or “Queen” of Rock & Roll, Joplin both invented and installed the “rock mama paradigm” into the American rock consciousness, a patriarchal and fraternal industry that, much like the societal traits it protested, restricted women to a narrow and conservative criteria for entrance. With only a very few kindred spirits, such as Grace Slick of Jefferson Airplane, “she pioneered a new range of expression for white women.”
In the mid-1960s, an era on the cusp of change from the musical and social norms of the previous decade, the emergence of Jim Morrison, the charismatic poet/musician of The Doors, helped to transform the subgenre of rock n’ roll as a stylistic flavor to the full-fledged institution of Rock Music. Morrison accomplished this transformation by avoiding membership in any of the known categories of modern rock music during the age of protest, but at the same time, he became the general symbol of anti-authoritarianism for his generation and the next.
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