流血的伤口：苏联在阿富汗的战争和苏联体制的崩溃

系列：战争国际历史项目
到了20世纪80年代中期，苏联的公众舆论开始反对苏联参与阿富汗战争：苏联与阿富汗的战争（1979-1989年）已经成为一场长期、痛苦且无法获胜的冲突，米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫在1986年的一次演讲中称之为“流血的伤口”。苏联从阿富汗撤军的最终决定在苏联社会内部产生了毁灭性的连锁反应，本书认为，这成为苏联解体的一个主要因素。在这项关于战争对苏联社会和政治影响的全面调查中，雅科夫·罗伊分析了苏联公民对与战争有关的一系列问题的意见，并记录了苏联领导层考虑到公众意见时将发生的系统性变化。战争和退伍军人回国后面临的困难削弱了苏联军队的自尊和威望，并为试图挑战苏联体制规范的媒体记者提供了充足的弹药。通过对苏联报纸的广泛分析，以及在20世纪90年代初对苏联退伍军人和普通公民进行的采访，罗伊认为，战争的影响催生了一些进程，这些进程将揭示苏联政治体制的内在局限性，并有助于苏联在1991年解体。
The Bleeding Wound: The Soviet War in Afghanistan and the Collapse of the Soviet System
Series: War International History Project
By the mid-1980s, public opinion in the USSR had begun to turn against Soviet involvement in Afghanistan: the Soviet–Afghan War (1979–1989) had become a long, painful, and unwinnable conflict, one that Mikhail Gorbachev referred to as a “bleeding wound” in a 1986 speech. The eventual decision to withdraw Soviet troops from Afghanistan created a devastating ripple effect within Soviet society that, this book argues, became a major factor in the collapse of the Soviet Union. In this comprehensive survey of the effects of the war on Soviet society and politics, Yaacov Ro’i analyzes the opinions of Soviet citizens on a host of issues connected with the war and documents the systemic change that would occur when Soviet leadership took public opinion into account. The war and the difficulties that the returning veterans faced undermined the self-esteem and prestige of the Soviet armed forces and provided ample ammunition for media correspondents who sought to challenge the norms of the Soviet system. Through extensive analysis of Soviet newspapers and interviews conducted with Soviet war veterans and regular citizens in the early 1990s, Ro’i argues that the effects of the war precipitated processes that would reveal the inbuilt limitations of the Soviet body politic and contribute to the dissolution of the USSR by 1991.

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