人参采摘者：阿巴拉契亚的根和草药采集史

野生西洋参（panax quinquefolium）是一种多节芳香草本植物，因其治疗和愈合特性而闻名，它的收获在北美有着深厚的历史渊源，在阿巴拉契亚山脉南部和中部发挥着特别重要的作用。人参通过连接该地区与东亚市场的跨太平洋网络进行交易，只是进入国际交易网络的几种阿巴拉契亚药用植物之一。19世纪中后期，随着专利药物和植物性药物产品的生产不断升级，阿巴拉契亚南部成为美国多种药用植物产量最多的供应商。该地区之所以取得这一区别，是因为其生物多样性和某些共同权利的持续存在，这些权利保证了人们可以广泛进入森林覆盖的山坡，而不管土地归谁所有。
内战后，挖根和采药成为无地家庭和小农从森林公地获得收入的最重要方式之一。这种繁荣影响了阶级关系、性别角色、森林利用和外界对阿巴拉契亚的看法，并开始了广泛的共同权利重新谈判，最终限制了人参和其他植物的使用。
基于对山区企业家、乡村商店和制药公司的商业记录的广泛研究，《人参挖掘者：阿巴拉契亚的根和草药采集史》是第一本揭示阿巴拉契亚地区与全球药用植物贸易之间独特关系的书。历史学家卢克·曼吉特（Luke Manget）通过探索阿巴拉契亚如何以及为什么在19世纪末成为美国首要的植物药供应商，以及贸易如何影响该地区居民之间以及周围森林之间的互动方式，扩展了我们对聚集的公地的理解。
Ginseng Diggers: A History of Root and Herb Gathering in Appalachia
The harvesting of wild American ginseng (panax quinquefolium), the gnarled, aromatic herb known for its therapeutic and healing properties, is deeply established in North America and has played an especially vital role in the southern and central Appalachian Mountains. Traded through a trans-Pacific network that connected the region to East Asian markets, ginseng was but one of several medicinal Appalachian plants that entered international webs of exchange. As the production of patent medicines and botanical pharmaceutical products escalated in the mid- to late-nineteenth century, southern Appalachia emerged as the United States’ most prolific supplier of many species of medicinal plants. The region achieved this distinction because of its biodiversity and the persistence of certain common rights that guaranteed widespread access to the forested mountainsides, regardless of who owned the land.
Following the Civil War, root digging and herb gathering became one of the most important ways landless families and small farmers earned income from the forest commons. This boom influenced class relations, gender roles, forest use, and outside perceptions of Appalachia, and began a widespread renegotiation of common rights that eventually curtailed access to ginseng and other plants.
Based on extensive research into the business records of mountain entrepreneurs, country stores, and pharmaceutical companies, Ginseng Diggers: A History of Root and Herb Gathering in Appalachia is the first book to unearth the unique relationship between the Appalachian region and the global trade in medicinal plants. Historian Luke Manget expands our understanding of the gathering commons by exploring how and why Appalachia became the nation’s premier purveyor of botanical drugs in the late-nineteenth century and how the trade influenced the way residents of the region interacted with each other and the forests around them.

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